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Society for Quality Education

SQE-Sponsored Research & Reports

  • How to Get the Right Education for Your Child, by Malkin Dare. Waterloo: OQE-SAER Publications, 2008. This very readable book by SQE’s president is intended for the parents of children who are struggling in school. The book walks parents through their various options - from working with the system, to supplementing the system, to opting out of the system, to changing the system.

  • Breaking Down Monopolies: Expanding Choice and Competition in Education, by Yvan Guillemette: C.D. Howe Institute, 2007. This SQE-sponsored study reports that economic theory and international experience show that greater school choice can be a winning educational strategy and can be implemented in a way that preserves social equity and equality of opportunity.

  • Ontario’s Private Schools: Who Chooses Them and Why?, by Deani A. Van Pelt, Patricia A. Allison, and Derek J. Allison. Vancouver: The Fraser Institute, 2007. This SQE-sponsored study looks at why private school attendance in Ontario is steadily growing, while at the same time the attendance in the province’s public schools is declining. After surveying 919 private school families, the researchers report that the features parents value in their children’s private schools are such things as dedicated teachers, an emphasis on academic quality, a high moral tone, character development, and safety.

  • Teaching Science in the 21st Century: An Examination Of Science Curricula From Kindergarten To Grade 12, by CH Vanderwolf, M Cook, RT Coutts and D Cropp. Toronto: Society for Quality Education, 2005. The science curricula in use in the ten provinces were evaluated with respect to scientific content, recommended teaching methods, freedom from errors and unsupported dogmatic statements, and adequacy of presentation of the nature of science. Printed copies may be obtained by contacting the Society.

  • Charter Schools: Alberta’s Best-Kept Secret. Written and narrated by distinguished education writer Andrew Nikiforuk, winner of the Governor General’s Award for Non-Fiction, this DVD addresses many misconceptions about charter schools. First and foremost, they are PUBLIC schools. Find out why teachers, parents and students love them and see whether you agree that charter schools focus on the student and learning rather than politics and bureaucracy. To order a copy, see below. Click here to view the DVD.

Research Round-ups

How to order materials

While the Society for Quality Education distributes its material free of charge, a donation of any amount is greatly appreciated. Cheques payable to Society for Quality Education may be mailed to the address above. Tax receipts will be issued for donations of $10.00 or greater. Registered Canadian Charitable No. 85857 5087 RR001

Subscribe

To subscribe to our newsletter, please click here.  If you are already a subscriber, and you would like to unsubscribe from this service, please click here.  Below you will find links to previous newsletters.

To access individual newsletter articles, organized by topic, click here.

The newsletter archives below contain a wealth of interesting and informative material on a wide range of educational topics. Here is just a tiny sample of the topics covered.

  • Why are girls learning to read better than boys - and how can the boys be helped?
  • How did each Ontario school board fare on the provincial tests? Which ones are the biggest spenders?
  • Is there an easy cure for attention deficit disorder?
  • Where are school councils working well - and why?
  • Should high schools be semestered?
  • Can your students spell at grade level?

SQE Newsletters

September 2010.  Full Contents

June 2010.  Full Contents

March 2010.  Full Contents

December 2009.  Full Contents

September 2009.  Full Contents

June 2009.  Full Contents

March 2009.  Full Contents

December 2008.  Full Contents

September 2008.  Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version

June 2008. Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version

March 2008. Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version

December 2007.  Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version

November 2007. Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

October 2007. Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

September 2007. Full Contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

July 2007. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

June 2007. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

May 2007. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

March 2007. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

February 2007. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

December 2006. Full contents or Printer-Friendly Version or Table of Contents with links

October 2006. Fuller contents or Table of Contents with links.

September 2006. Fuller contents or Table of Contents with links.

July 2006. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links.  

May 2006. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links.

March 2006. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links.

December 2005. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links

September 2005. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links.

June 2005. Full contents (1 MB) or Table of Contents with links.

March 2005. Full contents.  From the president: Learning from testing.

December 2004.  Full contents. From the president: Ignoring the messenger.

September 2004.  Full contents. From the president: Thoughts on another school year.

June 2004 Editorial page—Feature: Dyslexia or Disteachia? Reading problems are rarely the result of a biological abnormality.

March 2004 Editorial page—Feature: Edmonton Fights Back. A case study from Alberta on the galvanizing effects of school choice.

December 2003 Editorial page—Feature: Not-So-Special Education. Here is from-the-heart testimony about the impact of poor teaching on students’ lives.

September, 2003 Editorial page—Feature: The Myth of Ability.   All children, except possibly the severely-disabled, can be led to think mathematically.

June, 2003 Editorial page—Feature: Magical Number Seven.  A sound base of knowledge is needed to overcome the limitations of working memory.

March, 2003 Editorial page—Feature: Naturally Wrong.  Young children can learn some things effortlessly, but other learning must be taught.

December 2002 Editorial page—Feature: The Well Trained Mind.

September 2002 Editorial page—Feature: Stand and Deliver. The treatment of this brilliant teacher highlights much that is wrong with public schooling.

June 2002 Editorial page—Feature: The Data on Calculators: There is no evidence to justify the widespread use of calculators in classrooms.

March 2002 Editorial page—Feature: Straight from the Heart: It is possible for at-risk children to become fluent readers painlessly and happily.

December 2001 Editorial page—Feature: The Gifts of The Magi: Literate people don’t need special programs to teach them life skills.

September 2001 Editorial page—Feature: Brain Building: The best way to overcome learning difficulties is to exercise the most weakened functions.

June 2001 Editorial page—Feature: Dutch Treat: Funding religious schools in the Netherlands has led to religious integration. Also: Saving Inner City Schools.

March 2001 Editorial page—Feature: Revving up on Ritalin: Ritalin feels like speed to the person taking it but looks like a sedative to observers.

December 2000 Editorial page—Feature: Hard Science: Ontario students are several years behind Alberta students in science.

September 2000 Editorial page—Feature: The Pending Teacher Shortage: The government should allow alternative routes to teacher certification.

How to get the Right Education for your child

HOT OFF THE PRESS!  - Malkin Dare has just updated her 1998 classic, still the best manual for Canadian parents with children who are struggling in school.  Click here to order a free copy (include your mailing address). Click here to read the full version on your monitor. Click here to download the print-friendly version of the full version.

“A wise and practical manual for parents”
(Kitchener-Waterloo Record)

“An easy to read book (I found it hard to put down)“ (The Oshawa/Durham Central)

“Shrewd, well-informed advice” (London Free Press)

An easy-to-read and very funny (if at times painfully close to the bone) guide to the jargon, pitfalls and inadequacies of education” (Alberta Report)

Introduction

How to Get the Right Education for your Child

by Malkin Dare 

Let’s imagine you’re the parent of a nine-year-old boy named Jack. He is now beginning grade 4 at his neighbourhood school, John Dewey Public School. Starting from when Jack was in grade 2, it has become very obvious that things are not going well for him. Not only has Jack not learned to read, but also he is starting to get a reputation as a “behaviour problem”. Things are going from bad to worse, and none of your discussions with Jack’s teachers has made the slightest bit of difference.

The time for waiting and hoping is over!

  • Jack is not going to miraculously “bloom” one of these fine days.
  • His school is not going to experience a conversion on the road to Damascus.
  • Aliens will not suddenly descend from a flying saucer and give him a brain implant.

The sooner you take action, the easier the job will be. So, what to do? Of course, your child’s name is probably not Jack, and his or her problems are probably not identical to Jack’s, but the general approach is the same. I have divided your options into three main categories.

  • Working with the System
  • Supplementing the System
  • Opting Out of the System 

Working With the System

In Chapters 2 and 3, I go over how to approach educators to ask for help. Most parents start with this option, and some do get satisfaction. And of course if you do manage to get help for Jack from the system, it won’t cost you a penny. So, it’s a sensible place to begin.

Be warned, however, that many parents get nowhere with this approach. For one whole year, Maureen Somers asked in vain for help for her son Adam. At last, along with other parents of children in the same class, she managed to get them tested by the school board. It turned out that 12 out of 21 grade 4 students were reading at a mid-grade 2 level or worse. When the parents asked for direct, sequential instruction and remedial help for their children, the resource teacher (whose own children were in a private school) told them they would “have to go out and pay for it”. Many did. Ms Somers’ three children and many of Adam’s former classmates left for other schools, including private and home schools.

I relate this story not to frighten you, but rather to warn you that you must not blindly put your faith in the system. I have heard thousands of such stories. While every story is different in its details, each testifies to an utter lack of responsiveness on the part of educators.

Of course, it is terribly unjust and wrong that schools can get away with turning their backs on parents like this. But much worse is the fact that parents can (and often do) waste years trying to arrange to get improved service from their child’s public school, precious years which their children can’t afford to lose.

Barb Brown first realized that her son was in trouble when Trevor was in grade 4. She immediately began a one-woman campaign to get help for him, an odyssey which was going on eight years later when Trevor reached grade 12 still reading at an elementary school level. In all that time, only one school official had ever even acknowledged that he was at risk, while remedial teaching was never provided by the school system. Finally, Mrs. Brown in desperation arranged for him to be tutored by a retired teacher who lived on her street. According to the tutor, Trevor had the ability – he had just never been taught.

Mrs. Brown’s case, and thousands of similar cases, has convinced me that parents should never waste much time trying to change individual teachers’ programs. It may be the cheapest choice, but so is trying to drain a swamp with a teaspoon. If you do choose to persist with the local school however, be prepared to praise anything good that happens in school, to be constructive and direct in asking for what you want, and to do much of the work at home yourself.

My advice is – ask your child’s teacher for reasonable changes but, if you don’t start seeing results right away, start examining your options. Jack will never get another crack at grade 4, and he is already three years behind schedule.

Since it is almost impossible to change teachers in the middle of the year, your first option is to try to find a better public school. Schools vary a great deal and good ones do exist, although they are scarcer than underpaid superintendents. Fortunately for you, school rankings have recently become available, and I will show you where they are on the Internet.

Identifying a good public school is still only half the battle. There can be a lot of red tape involved in transfers since there are plenty of administrators who believe students should attend only their assigned schools. A further difficulty is that good schools are often bursting at the seams. You must also bear in mind that it is always up to parents to provide any necessary transportation to the new school. Nevertheless, sometimes all the hassle is worth it, and I give advice on how to tackle this project. There is another exciting option called “charter schools” on the horizon, but as yet the only Canadian province to allow these schools is Alberta.

If it turns out that you’re stuck with the John Dewey Public School, there are possibilities beyond the classroom teacher. For people who a) cannot afford to pay for help, b) are extremely stubborn, or c) like long odds, I include information on the appeal route. Although most of these activities are usually time-consuming and frustrating, I give advice on such things as meeting with school officials, obtaining curriculum, arranging testing, interpreting report cards, handling legal issues, accessing student records, and requesting particular teachers.

Another option is to work with other like-minded parents at the school to try to make school-wide improvements. Because some people don’t seem to mind spending many boring and unproductive hours sitting on school councils, I have provided some ideas on how you might try to make your experience of some value. Because most of these councils are advisory (as opposed to decision-making) bodies, they are usually an exercise in frustration.

Working with the system generally pays off right away – or not at all. If you’re getting nowhere fast, I urge you to turn to the next category, and think about supplementing the system.

Supplementing the System In Chapters 4 and 5, I talk about how you can ensure that Jack gets the teaching he needs. This option is so widespread that it has been given its own name—after-schooling. A survey of the parents at Whitney Public School in Toronto revealed that an incredible 45% of parents had taught their children at home “over and above normal parental assistance with homework.“ In addition, 29% had paid for extra help from a tutor. 

In most cases, after-schooling helps a lot. Sometimes, it is the life-jacket which makes the difference between staying afloat and sinking. Of course, after-schooling is not without its drawbacks: 

  • It can get expensive, often beyond the range of the average pocketbook. 
  • The necessary teaching takes place after school, on weekends and in the summer, times when the children should be at leisure. 
  • The kids are often uncooperative, and sometimes your extra “homework” sets the stage for family friction. 

Whether you plan to teach Jack yourself or pay someone else to do it, I provide information to guide you through the labyrinth. If the former, I tell you how to get started and I list recommended texts and workbooks, along with sources. For the latter, I outline and evaluate the options, ranging from the retired teacher next door, through Kumon, through professional remedial teachers, through remedial services. I also give information on how to go about getting Jack tested. after-schooling services are booming, as a glance at the “Schools” section of your Yellow Pages will attest. 

If you have already tried both working with the system and supplementing the system and it’s still not enough for Jack, you may be ready to opt out of the system completely.

Opting Out of the System

In Chapters 6 and 7, I describe the remaining two possibilities. Those who flee public education can choose between private schools and home-schooling.

For those who can afford them, private schools may be the answer. But there are no guarantees. Standards vary widely, as the Joneses (not their real name) found when they transferred their children from one private school to another. Not only did the Jones children find the work extremely easy and unchallenging at their new school, but also their parents were appalled by how rough some of the teachers were. The Joneses became so dissatisfied they withdrew their children from the school. And then – the school refused to refund their $20,000 tuition fee! Only the threat of legal action pried their money loose – although $1,000 was held back.

The moral of the story? Do not assume that a school has high standards just because it is a private school. I give guidance on how to seek out and evaluate good private schools.

If you don’t have several thousand dollars lying around or if you can’t find a good private school, you may wish to try home-schooling. Numbers are really hard to come by (since many home-schoolers don’t register with their local school board), but the numbers are significant. The Ontario Federation of Teaching Parents estimates that 1-2% of Canadian children are home-schooled (for a total of approximately 60,000).

Home-schooling is not as daunting as you might think. For one thing, there is a vast supply of teaching materials available. For another, home-schoolers tend to be exceptionally well-organized, with local support networks everywhere. And lastly, home-schooled kids can soak up learning at an incredible rate. Most spend two or three hours a day on academics, yet cover the year’s work with no difficulty whatsoever.

Barb Benson took her grade 5 daughter out of the public system at Christmas. At that time, Blair was unable to add one-digit numbers without counting on her fingers. She read grade-level material very slowly, with an average of one or two mistakes per sentence. By June of the same year, Blair was reading adult-level material with no mistakes. In math, she could do rapid calculation, fractions, decimals, and the beginnings of algebra. Blair had even memorized the metric and imperial tables and could convert from one to the other.

There is a huge amount of resources and networking available in the home-schooling community, and I provide a start-up kit on how to plug in to this vast support system.

So there you have it. Those are the choices. I wish I could tell you about other options – like how to sneak a common sense pill into educators’ thermoses. Unfortunately however, science has not yet found a cure for progressive teaching methods.

If you’ve tried working with the system, supplementing the system, and opting out of the system, and you still haven’t had enough, there’s always trying to change the system. Those of you who refuse to accept the status quo should check out the Society for Quality Education, an organization which is dedicated to the significant improvement of student learning in Canada. More on this in my last chapter. For the time being however, you must choose among these somewhat limited options.

 

Newsletter Archives

Newsletter Archives

These articles come from the newsletters of the Society for Quality Education and the Organization for Quality Education. They are in chronological order within their categories, with the most recent article first, and each article has only one link.

Accountability
Expectations     Exit Exams    Need for Change   Bogus   Democracy

Activist Activities
Talk to Friends   Hard Nut to Crack   Creating an Activist   Questioning Authority   Politics
Letter Writing   Strategy   Traditional School   More Letter Writing

Arts
Drawing   Talent    More Drawing     Creativity

Attention Deficit Disorder
Ritalin    Amphetamines    Structure   Diagnosis   Phonics   Behaviour   Substitute for Discipline
Violence

Boys
Reading   Teaching Methods   Scotland

Bullying
How to Stop It   Nipping in Bud   Zero Tolerance   Crime Prevention   No Excuses   Discipline

Charter Schools
Alberta Data    Cost Effectiveness     Mother Earth’s Children    
Foundations for the Future
   Arizona   Rationale   Effect   Non-Elitist   Perestroika

Class Size
Hard Cap   Bang for Buck   Politics   Quality of Education

Composition
Oral Speech   Underlying Problems   How to Teach   Essays   Direct Instruction

Computers
Need for Pens     Appropriate Use    Inappropriate Use   Critical Thinking   Hype

Curriculum
Depressing    Physical Education     Great Books    Music   Examplars   Importance

Disadvantaged Students
Project Follow Through   Two-Tier   Helping Them   Politicians   School Choice   Public Schools
KIPP    Scholarships    Politics

Effective Teachers
Technology    Team Approach   Certification   Grade 1 Teacher   Inspirations   Reprofessionalizing
Importance   Plea from High School Teacher   Precision Teaching   Individualized Instruction
Streaming   Themes   Split Grades

French Immersion
Value   Streaming   Grammar    Frenglish

Funding
Child-Centred Funding   Value for Money    Public School Fees    Businessmen   School Board Spending   Special Education   Valuation   Achievement   Textbooks   Disparity   Waste

General Knowledge and Vocabulary
Young Children     Disadvantaged Kids    Facts

Good Schools
School for Blacks    Comparisons     Global School   Children First   Montessori   Islamic
Uniforms    Open Court   Management   No-Excuses   Mississippi School
Role of Principals   Traditional School   Flowervale   Brock   Wesley Elementary   Oakdale Park
Evaluation   Feedback   Parkview

Grammar
Standard English    Older Students     Noam Chomsky    Composition   Best Practices

Hearing
Boys     Acoustics    Too Much Noise   Intelligibility

History and Geography
Importance     Mapwork    Honest History   Lay of the Land   Factual Knowledge

Home and School
Teacher Interviews     School Councils    Classroom Volunteers

Home-Schooling
Conversion     Trivium    Economical   Egalitarian   Outcomes

Homework
Appropriate   Too-Hard     Independence    Effective   Teaching Time

Humour
Drill&Kill     Algebra    Baloney   Latent Learners   Goofiness   Nasal Learners    Authentic Tests
Buttocks-Based Education   Staff Meetings   Research   Whole Language   Educationists
More Whole Language   Marks

Inter-Provincial Comparisons
Alberta Advantage    More Alberta Advantage   Family Background   Quebec

Learning Disabilities
Autism   Language Delay     Dysteachia    Special Education   Tutoring Services   Advocacy
Early Diagnosis   Asperger’s   Nipped in the Bud   Remedial Vouchers   Meaningless Term
Brain Building   Human Cost of Failure   Reading Recovery   Source of Problems   All Can Learn
Status Quo    Bogus Definitions   Teaching Disabilities   Tips   Purpose

Lessons from Abroad
China   Scotland   East and West Germany   Finland     India    Holland   Italy   France   China   Switzerland   Sweden   Germany   Australia
Testing   More Switzerland   Denmark   New Zealand   England   World-Class Standards
More New Zealand   Asia

Mathematics
Spirit of Math   Difficulty   Web-Sites   JUMP   Discovery Math   Easy    Manipulatives    
More Spirit of Math
   Number Facts Failure   Ability   Conceptual Understanding   
Stand and Deliver
   Calculators   More Calculators   New Math   
After-Schooling
   Manitoba   Drills   NCTM   Valuable   Other Countries’ Textbooks   
Preparation for University   Curriculum   Ideological

Merit Pay
Value for Money    Incentives    Feedback    Denver   Competition

Ontario School Board Rankings
Well-Paid Bureaucrats 2006   Catholic Superiority    True Pass Rate  
Well-Paid Bureaucrats
   Huron-Perth Board   More Well-Paid Bureaucrats   75% Goal   
Literacy Test   Math

Parental Issues
Repeating a Year    Mold    Cafeteria   Closure   Television    Portables
Delphi Technique   Extra-Curriculars   Parental Involvement    Hot Schoolyards   Fund-Raising
Team Spirit   International Baccalaureate   Sex Education   Peer Pressure
Who’s the Boss?   Reading Material   Access to Records    Access to Schools   
Teacher Interviews   Putting Pressure on Kids

Penmanship
Legibility   Printing   Boys   Preschoolers   Composition   Beauty

Politics
Drop-Out Rate   McGuinty Report Card   Central Planning   Mindset   Ignoring Students   
One System     School Closing   Literacy Test   Religious Discrimination   Textbooks   
Approved Materials     Bureaucrats   Management   Two-Tier Education

Post-Secondary
What Profs Think    Globalization    Liberal Arts    Gender Disparity   Blurring of Roles  
Degree Granting   College-for-All   Weeding Out   Regulated Fees   Poor Preparation
Purpose   Degree Inflation   Undergraduates   Part-Time Students   Tuition Fees   Universality
Academic Skills   Flunking Out

Practice
Genius    Memorizing Poetry   Expertise   Overlearning   Memory Work   Math   Literacy
Drills   Effort

Preschoolers
IQ   Heritage Language   Importance of Conversation   Math   School Readiness

Public Policy
Milton Friedman      Choice is Not Enough     Public-Private Partnerships     Funding Criteria     
Third Way   School Leaving Age   Middle School   Compulsory Education   Economic Growth
Upgrading Teachers   Decentralization   Teacher Co-Operatives   Educational Freedom
Inner-City   Outside the Box   Legal Remedies   Social Cohesion   Profits
Professional Development   Incompetent Teachers   Subsidizing Failure
Differentiated Staffing   Multiculturalism   Roles

Reading
Inaccuracy   Three-Year-Olds   Wasted Efforts   All Can Read   Phonics First    Web-Sites
Brain Research    Remediation Plus   Contemptuous Dismissal of Research   Catastrophe
Older Students   Beginning Stages Scotland   Late Bloomers   Three-Cueing   Comprehension
Learning Styles   Curriculum   More Scotland   Prisoners   Reading Recovery   Bizarre Treatments    Reading to Learn
Systematic Phonics   Literacy   Whole Language   Grade 4 Slump Consequences of Failure   Social Injustice   Lindamood
Diagnostic Test   Comprehension   Phono-Graphix    Child Abuse   More Reading Recovery   Juvenile Delinquents   Open Court   California   Teach Your Child  

Research
Data-Driven   Brain-Based   Myths    Meaningful Teaching   General Principles   Stories
Progressivism   Scaffolding  Teenaged Brains   Coming of Age   Whole Language
More Brain-Based   Fads   Discriminating   Class Warfare   Left-Brain Right-Brain
More Discriminating    Dogma

School Boards
Effect on Community   Cloning Success    Consultants   
Closing Schools   Abolition   Amalgamation   Value Added
Carver Model   Central Planning   Superintendent   Integrity   Power   

School Choice
Muslim Schools   Religious Schools   Good Citizenship   Free to Choose    House Prices   Teachers   Toronto School Board    
Family Influence
   Win Win    Magnets   Equity    Evidence Quebec   Alberta   Edmonton   Florida   Teachers   Lessons   Fairness   
Central Planning   Urban Renewal   Self-Seekingness   Vouchers   Tax Credits   
One-size-fits-all   Desire for Choice Real Choice   More Edmonton   History   Collectivism   Markets   Teachers’ Own Children
Help for Disadvantaged Kids

School Councils
Check-Up    Ineffectiveness    Survey   Examples   Nova Scotia   Tips

Science
Not Enough Students   Web-Sites   Scientific Integrity    Dedicated Teacher
Discovery Learning   Physics Global Warming   Girls   Pseudoscience
Junk Environmentalism   Importance   Curriculum

Self Esteem
Praise   Opinion   Academic Performance    Earned   Tough Love   Opinion   Dark Side   

Semestering
Curriculum     Academics    Debate

Sleep
Deprivation     Start Times    Importance

Small Schools
Focus   Better Results    Safety   Ethos

Special Education
Importance of Fluency    Wait Lists    Finland   Black Hole   Other Countries   IRPC’s

Spelling
Alberta Advantage    Good Web Resources    Root Words    Spelling Test   
Direct Instruction   Spellers   Good Schools   How to Teach

Teaching Practices
General Approach    Importance    Developmentalism    Structure   Precision   Modalities   
Gender Segregation   Memory   Direct Instruction   Learning Styles   Progressivism  
Progressive Methods   Progressive Philosophy   Comparison with Traditional   Emotional Intelligence Inclusion   Opinion   Gifted Programs   Multi-Aged Grouping   Time on Task   Projects   Open Plan   Principles   Philosophy   Sitting in Rows   Scaffolding

Teacher Training
Waste of Time    Counter-Productive   Best Students   Alternative Certification   Body of Knowledge Heart of Darkness   Teaching Reading   Turn-Off   Learning-Disabled Teachers

Testing
Fool’s Paradise   Quizzes     Basics   Spurring Improvement